Generally, raw biomass wastes / residues have low bulk density, high moisture content, low calorific value and are hydrophilic in nature. Processing these raw biomass for large scale energy applications is difficult owing to their properties. However, these biomass can be processed by Torrefaction method, a thermo-chemical treatment process, similar to roasting or mild pyrolysis of biomass wastes such as bagasse, rice straw etc. under low temperature ranging between 200 & 300°C. During this process, biomass gets partly decomposed and produces torrefied char or bio-coal rich in carbon and higher energy (calorific value), which could be used in gasification, heating and other process that needs energy efficient fuels.
